Ebenezer blackman



(No Model.)

B. BLAGKMAN. SHADE FOR LAMPS.

N0.'247,600. Patented Sept. 27,1881.

N. PETERS. PhoIo-L1\llogmpher. wnhin wn. 11c.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

EBENEZER BLAOKMAN, OF BROOKLYN, NEW YORK.

SHADE FOR LAMPS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 247,600, dated September 27, 1881.

Application filed June 23, 1881.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, EBENEZER BLACKMAN, of Brooklyn, in Kings county, and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Shades for Lamps, of which the following is a specification.

It is common to employ in connection with lamps and other illuminating apparatus shades supported on shade-holders at some distance above the burners from which the light emanates. While these shades are sufficient for ordinary purposes, it oftentimes happens that it is desirable to provide some protection to the eyes from the direct rays of light passing outward below the shades or to deflect those rays downward.

It is an important object of my present improveinents to provide for this.

To thisend myinveution consists in the combination, with a shade and shade-holder, of a supplemental shade made independent thereof and detachably supported thereby, so as to afi'ord protection from direct rays of light passing outward below the shade and deflect them downward. This supplemental shade may be supported on the shade, on the shade-holder, or between the two.

My improvements also consist in a supplemental shade of the kind and for the purposes mentioned, as a new article of manufacture.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a side view of a lamp-burner and a vertical section of a shade-holder, a shade, and a supplemental shade embodying my improvements. Fig. 2 is an inverted plan of the supplemental shade, and Fig. 3 is a section of the upper edge portion of the supplemental shade upon a larger scale.

Similar letters of reference designate corresponding parts in all the figures.

A designates a lamp-burner, which may be of any desirable form.

1 B designates a shade-holder made of glass, and fitting on the gallery of the lamp-burner A within spring-arms, with which it is provided.

Odesignates a shade of opal glass, supported by the shade-holder B and fitting within its upperportion.

D designates an independent supplemental shade, made of paper or other suitable material and in the form of a hollow frustum of a (No model.)

tering between them to affect the flame issuing from the lamp-burner A. To the inner surface, and preferably, also, to the outer surface, of the upper portion of this supplemental shade is applied a coating of soluble glass. This is indicated in Fig. 1 by an extra thick ness of the lines, and in Fig. 2 by a series of concentric lines.

In Fig. 3 the outer and inner coatings of soluble glass are respectively designated by the letters D D The soluble glass will protect the surface of the supplemental shade from moisture, and will serve as a good non-conductor to prevent heat from being transmitted from the shade O to the shade-holder B. The supplemental shade D, without the coating of soluble glass, would measurably serve the same purpose when combined with the said shade and shade-holder, as shown. This is an im-. portant function, as the danger of cracking the shade-holder is thereby lessened.

The supplemental shade may simply have its upper edge bent inward horizontally and fitted between the upper edge of the shade-holder B and the shoulder a of the shade C. It may have its edge so bent as to fit upon the shoulder or bead b of the shade-holder B. If desirable, it may even be adapted to be slipped over and supported on the shade C.

It is obvious that my supplemental shade may be similarly used in connection with metal shade-holders as well as the glass shade-holder above described. Such supplemental shade may be applied to existing lamps, and may be used when desired and removed at other times.

The supplemental shade-holder will prove advantageous in confining air and directing it to the lamp burner.

What I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. The combination, with a shade and shadeholder, of a supplemental shade made inde pendent thereof and detachably supported I tlierebysoi as to aftbrd protection from direct 4; -Asa new article of manufacture, a'suprays'oflight'passingoutwai'd'below the shade; 1 plemental shade adapted. at its topto fit be 15 and deflect them downward, substantially as tween a shade andshade-holder and be sup specified.- e e e i i -portedthereby,andtoextendbelowthe shade i 5 2. The combination,withashadeandshade-' and afford preteetion from the direct rays 0f= i i i i e =h0lder,:of a supplementalshade havingits uplight passing outward below the shade and (le per edge fittedbetweenihetwoand supported fleet them downward, substantially as speei- 2o by them, substantially as specified. fied.

- i i e3. Thecombination,withashadeanda glass l l 10 shade-holder, of a supplemental shade having Witnessesr E. BLAGKMAN.

its upper edge bent over and inside the shadel. J. KEANE, --,-.-.-h0lder, s0 asto fit between it andthe shade, i JAS. R. BOWEN.

substantially as specified. 

